Journal of Osseointegration

Evaluation of Bone Graft Need in Edentulous Posterior Sites: A CBCT Retrospective Study

2024-10-30T11:39:20+00:00

Aim This retrospective study investigates the necessity for bone graft augmentation in edentulous posterior sites, focusing on the lower premolar and molar regions.

Materials and Methods Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging from patients treated at Umm Al-Qura University between 2019 and 2022, to evaluates bone conditions that influence dental implant placement. Digital software was employed to plan implant placement with a prosthetically driven approach. Measurement of buccal and lingual bone thickness at the coronal and middle aspect of the implant was done. Measurement less than 1mm was considered an indication for the need of bone augmentation.

Results A total of 74 CBCT scans were evaluated, representing 100 missing teeth. Premolars constitute 23% (n=23), and molars constitute 77% (n=77) of the teeth site evaluated. A significant number of sites required bone grafting due to insufficient buccal bone thickness, with 80% of implants having <1mm bone thickness. 91% of premolar implants and 89.6% of molar implants lacked adequate buccal bone. More premolars needed guided bone regeneration (GBR) than molars (p<0.0001). Overall, 80% of implants needed bone grafts, with females showing a slightly higher need (p>0.05). Lingual bone thickness was adequate.

Conclusion Number of edentulous posterior sites, specifically in the lower premolar and molar regions, necessitate bone graft augmentation for successful implant placement. Pre-surgical planning using digital software and CBCT imaging is crucial to assess bone accurately and determine the need for bone augmentation.

Statistical evaluation of the learning curve in digital impression in different types of operators

2024-10-02T14:56:34+00:00

Aim The objective of this study was to evaluate the learning curve associated with intraoral scanning using the CEREC system, comparing two groups: dental students and experienced clinicians. The study aimed to assess improvements in time, surface area acquired, and surface-time ratio (X) to determine the efficiency of repeated scanning.

Materials and Methods A total of 50 participants were recruited for the study, divided into two groups: 25 dental students from the San Raffaele Faculty of Dentistry and 25 clinicians with at least 5 years of experience. Each participant performed four intraoral scans on a plaster model using the CEREC intraoral scanner. The scans were evaluated for time (T1-T4) in minutes, surface area (SUP) in pixel units, and surface-time ratio (X) as an efficiency metric. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 25) and MeshLab 2016 to assess the learning curve and compare the two groups.

Results Both groups demonstrated a clear learning curve with significant improvements in time and surface-time ratio (X) over the four trials. For clinicians, the average time decreased from 1.399 minutes in T1 to 1.015 minutes in T4, while the surface-time ratio improved from 347.91 mm²/min to 447.77 mm²/min. Students showed a similar reduction in time, from 1.292 minutes in T1 to 1.001 minutes in T4, and an improvement in surface-time ratio from 343.96 mm²/min to 433.12 mm²/min. Clinicians consistently acquired more surface area than students, despite similar scan times, indicating that clinical experience plays a crucial role in scan accuracy.

Conclusion The study highlights the importance of clinical experience in achieving more efficient and complete scans using intraoral scanners. Both groups improved with repetition, but clinicians demonstrated superior performance in terms of surface area acquired. The learning curve plateaued after the third trial, suggesting that sustained practice is necessary for mastery. Future training programs should focus on enhancing both technical proficiency and clinical judgment to optimize the use of digital scanning technology in dentistry.

Exploring The Hidden Anatomy: Cone-Beam Ct Insights Into Mental And Median Lingual Foramen Variations In South Indian Population

2024-09-25T10:28:53+00:00

Background: The mental foramen (MF) and median lingual foramen (MLF) are key anatomical landmarks in the mandible, crucial for dental implants, extractions, and other mandibular surgeries. Despite their importance, variations in these foramina within specific populations, such as the South Indian demographic, are not well understood. This study aimed to assess these variations among the South Indian population.

Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 892 patients (452 men and 440 women), aged 25 to 65, were analyzed. MF characteristics measured included distance from crest to upper border (MF1), distance from lower border to mandibular border (MF2), and emerging angle (EA), on both sides. MLF characteristics included distance from upper border of buccal (BD) and lingual terminals (LD) to the alveolar crest, canal length (LC), and diameters of the buccal (DB) and lingual terminals (DL), with assessments for supraspinous and infraspinous MLF. The data was collected and statistically analyzed.

Results: MF parameters were significantly larger on the right side compared to the left (p<0.05). Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between males and females for all MF measurements. Supraspinous and infraspinous MLF measurements also showed significant differences (p<0.05), but no significant gender differences were found in MLF measurements (p>0.05).

Conclusion: MF dimensions were greater on the right side, and males had higher mean values. Also, infraspinous MLF showed greater distances from the alveolar crest, with no significant gender differences.

State of the art of autologous platelet concentrates in dentistry: A narrative review

2024-08-13T14:36:35+00:00

Background Over the past 10 years, PRP and PRF have been widely used in dentistry, due to their growth factors and regenerative potentials and have expanded their use in many procedures with results that are now clinically and statistically significant. The initially described procedures included oral surgery, in general, from simple to complex extractions of included third molars. Today their use goes from periodontics to hard and soft tissue regenerative surgery, through oral wound healing up to implant therapy. The aim of this review is to evaluate the state of the art of autologous platelet concentrates in different branches of dentistry. Materials and methods A literature research was conducted through major scientific database without any restriction. Because of the large number of articles included and the wide range of methods and results among the studies found, it was not possible to report the results in the form of a systematic review or meta-analysis. Therefore, a narrative review was conducted.
Results We obtained 2236 results, of which 1621 were published in the last 10 years. After the screening of titles and abstracts, non-topic entries were excluded, 323 reviews and systematic reviews were included, of which 320 passed the English language filter.
Conclusions This review highlights the present state of the art of the use of autologous platelet concentrates in dentistry. According to several recent studies, there is an effective benefit in several clinical outcomes described in using prp or prf in different procedures, while in others further clinical studies are needed.