Influence of periodontitis on injectable platelet rich fibrin levels of beta-defensin-1 in periodontal/peri-implant therapy

Aim & Background Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition initiated by polymicrobial flora but mediated by host immune response. This local inflammatory response is further shown to bring about alterations in the expression of various cytokines and proteins at systemic level. Injectable-platelet rich fibrin (i-PRF) which is a derivative of centrifuged blood is widely used in periodontal and peri-implant therapy. It exhibits its anti-inflammatory effect through various proteins especially beta defensin. This study aims to evaluate the influence of periodontitis on human beta-defensin-1 (hBD-1) levels in i-PRF.

Methods This case-control study evaluated 50 subjects 25 each in case (periodontitis) group and control (healthy) group for their periodontal status and i-PRF levels of beta defensin (hBD-1).

Results There was significantly decreased i-PRF levels of hBD-1 in the periodontitis group compared to the healthy group. The correlation analysis showed there was a relationship between probing depth and hBD-1 levels.

Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that periodontal health status influences the iPRF levels of beta defensin, which can further influence the clinical outcomes of iPRF applications in wound healing and regeneration. Clinical Significance: iPRF from periodontally diseased subjects might have a reduced level of antiinflammatory cytokines (hBD-1) thereby predisposing to a compromised or incomplete healing potential at the site of application.