Alveolar ridge preservation with the use of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with collagen combined with a collagen matrix - histomorphometric outcome in humans

Aim The objective was to get histological insight in the osteogenic potential of de novo formed tissue within extraction sockets grafted with a blend of granules of deproteinized bovine bone mineral and porcine collagen fibres (DMBB+C) combined with a collagen matrix (CMX) after healing times representative for ARP 1.1 or 2.1.

Methods Patients scheduled for ARP 1.1 or 2.1 with DMBB+C / CMX were included. At implant placement, as part of implant site preparation, after soft tissue flap elevation, core biopsies from the extraction sites were taken. Thereafter, descriptive histology and histomorphometric analysis was done.

Results Newly formed bone could be observed throughout the entire sections of all core biopsies. Less newly formed bone was located in the more coronal as compared to the more apical parts. Coronal bone bridging was not found in any section. Overall, after a mean healing time of 4.9 months (SD: 0.9 months; range: 4 - 6.5 months) a mean of 20.7% new bone (SD: 10.1%; range: 1.4% - 38.9%) was found.

Conclusions It can be concluded that, (1) the de novo formed tissue has an osteogenic potential throughout the entire grafted part of the former extraction site, (2) coronal bone bridging might not be expected, and (3) less new bone might form in coronal as compared to apical parts of the extraction sites.

Clinical significance De novo formed tissue after alveolar ridge preservation with DMBB+C combined with CMX has an osteogenic potential throughout the entire grafted part of the former extraction site and thus the collagen matrix used might be regarded as barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration.