Influence of primary stability and osteotomy technique on immediately loaded implants in the maxillary posterior region: An in vivo study

Aim The maxillary posterior region is a challenging area to achieve successful osseointegration, specifically for immediately loaded implants due to low density bone. To achieve high primary stability in poor density bone, a new surgical technique for osteotomy preparation known as osseodensification, has been developed. This technique leads to an increase in primary and secondary stability which can be assessed and quantified by resonance frequency analysis.

Materials and methods A total of 24 patients were divided into two groups. The implants (Ankylos® implant, Dentsply, Sirona) in Group 1 were placed using conventional osteotomy and Group 2 implants (Ankylos® implant, Dentsply, Sirona) were placed using osseodensification technique in the  maxillary posterior region. The stability was assessed at the time of implant placement, at three months and six months with the aid of resonance frequency analysis (Osstell). For the statistical analysis repeated measure ANOVA and Bonferroni Pairwise comparison were used to compare the ISQ (Implant stability quotient) within each group.

Results There was a statistically significant difference observed in the ISQ values at the time of placement, three months and six months after implant placement in Group 1 while the difference in the ISQ values in Group 2 was not significant.

Conclusions Implants placed with osseodensification technique showed consistent stability values in a period of six months. Thus, osseodensification technique can be used to achieve high primary stability of immediately loaded implants in the maxillary posterior region.