Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive as a membrane in socket preservation: In vitro cytotoxicity and clinical evaluation

Aim The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the in vitro effect of cyanoacrylate-based tissue adhesive and the clinical evaluation of wound healing of freshly extracted sockets with adhesives applied on an exposed collagen membrane, for preservation of the alveolar ridge.

Materials and methods  Cytotoxicity was evaluated with sulphoradamine B assay with primary fibroblasts from gingival tissue. The in vivo analysis was carried out in 10 patients needing extraction of single-rooted teeth, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and signed the term of free and informed consent. Alveolar preservation was carried out with a mineralized cortical allograft bone substitute and a resorbable collagen membrane that was intentionally left exposed. On the exposed membrane, the cyanoacrylate-based tissue adhesive  (Periacryl® 90 HV) was applied as a barrier.  The biocompatibility of the adhesive was assessed by the Early-Wound Healing Index (EHI) and Early Wound Healing Score (EHS), of perialveolar tissues at time intervals of 12, 30 and 60 days post surgery.

Results Reduced cell viability was observed for Periacryl® 90 HV when compared with cells without adhesive treatments. No postoperative complications were observed after the application of the adhesive on perialveolar tissues.

Conclusion The use of the cyanoacrylate-based tissue adhesive resulted in reduced fibroblast viability in vitro, and adequate results of wound closure in the clinical evaluation of EHI and EHS scores.