The physical-mechanical properties and biocompatibility of Biodentine: A review

Aim Biodentine^TM is a calcium-silicate based material that has been studied in recent years for a wide range of clinical applications in both Endodontics (pulp capping, pulpotomy, apexification, retrograde root end filling, repairing of root perforations and resorptions) and in Restorative Dentistry as a dentin substitute. The aim of this study was to review the physical-mechanical properties (porosity, setting time, compressive strength, bond strength/push-out bond strength, sealing ability, marginal adaptation, radiopacity, solubility, color stability) and biological properties (antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, bioactivity) of Biodentine^TM (BD).

Materials and methods BD has been analysed in its various physico-chemical aspects and mechanical and biological properties. 

Results Regarding biocompatibility, bioactivity, antibacterial properties, versatility, stability, sealing properties, compressive and flexural strength, BD fulfils the requirements. Its relatively easy  handling, low cost and faster setting are the major advantages of this material when compared to previous calcium silicate cements.

Conclusion Clinical studies of long term efficiency and high evidence are still lacking. BD has great potential to revolutionise the management in Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, but also in Paediatric Dentistry, both for primary and permanent dentition.